The National Snow and ice Data Centre tracks the Arctic ice-shelf using tools developed by NASA, and has produced monthly satellite maps going back to 1979.

美国冰雪数据中心(National Snow and Ice Data Centre)使用NASA开发的工具跟踪观察北冰洋的冰架，并从1979年以来每个月都制作卫星地图。

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The monthly SST data set from the National Climate data Centre U.

本文所用的月海温资料是取自美国国家气候中心。

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Dr Lawrence and researchers at National Snow and ice Data Centre used computer models to analyse how the loss of sea ice could influence rising air temperatures and the melting of permafrost.

劳伦斯和美国国家冰雪数据中心的研究人员利用计算机模型分析了海冰的缩减对气温上升和永久冻结带融化的影响。

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"This past year, unlike the US they were not a record globally but they certainly were warm, " said Thomas Karl, director of Noaa's National Climatic Data Centre.

BBC: 2012 was in top 10 warmest on record

The extent of the problem, at least at optical frequencies, has recently been catalogued by Pierantonio Cinzano and Fabio Falchi at the University of Padua, Italy, and Christopher Elvidge at the National Geophysical Data Centre in Boulder, Colorado.

ECONOMIST: Going, going, nearly gone