It does not -- the key element of any plausible proposal to get our deficits and debt under control is that it have balance so that it is not unfairly burdensome to any sector of American society.
Americans were generally absent from the race until well into the twentieth century, and it was not until 1940 that the first American-discovered element, astatine, was announced by a team at Berkeley.
The most compelling case for asteroid mining is for a yet-undesired element that turns out to be not abundant in the earth's crust and becomes suddenly valuable because of some future technological advance.