In these days of virtualization, off-the-shelf hardware, and flexible infrastructure, it can be easy to forget that different types of computing jobs place different demands on software and hardware.

在大量应用虚拟化、成品硬件、灵活基础架构的今天，人们很容易忘记，不同的计算任务需要在不同的软件和硬件中实施。

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Most of the hardware, including the vehicles, is off-the-shelf technology already in use on boats, in aviation or for military purposes.

大多数硬件，包括车辆都是业已在舰艇、航空或军事用途中使用的现成技术。

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Increasingly, control networks are being made from off-the-shelf hardware and software components.

越来越多的控制网络正在由现成的硬件和软件组件。

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Doug Cutting, then working at Yahoo, saw its potential and created Hadoop, which works with off-the-shelf hardware to manage data too big for conventional databases.

FORBES: How Hadoop Makes Short Work of Big Data

Apple thought it could design hardware and software in house and use standard off the shelf parts but that leads to copy cats because parts are parts.

FORBES: Who Has The Winning Innovation Model, Google, Apple, or Samsung?