abstract:Pan-Germanism () is a pan-nationalist political idea. Pan-Germanists originally sought to unify all the German-speaking populations of Europe in a single nation-state known as Großdeutschland (Greater Germany), where "German-speaking" was taken to include the Low German, Frisian and Dutch-speaking populations of the Low Countries, and sometimes also as synonymous with Germanic-speaking, to the inclusion of Scandinavia.