The fascinating result was that as the stroke lengthened, oxygen uptake, heart rate and perceived exertion all rose significantly.

令人惊异的结果是当划距增加，摄氧量、心率和疲劳感也都显著增加了。

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For each test oxygen uptake, heart rate and perceived exertion (how hard it felt to the swimmer) were recorded to give an indication of economy.

每次试验，摄氧量、心率和疲劳感都被记录下来以作为经济性指标。

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Heart rate, oxygen uptake and perceived exertion all dropped slightly at a 10% increase in stroke rate and then rose a little at a 20% increase.

在增加10%的划频后，心率、摄氧量和疲劳感都稍许下降了。在增加20%的划频后，又稍许上升了。

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"When people run with music their rate of perceived exertion is lower than if they don't use music or other devices, " says Gershon Tenenbaum, director of the graduate program in sport and exercise psychology at Florida State University.

WSJ: Optimal Music for the Gym

In one study published in the journal Environmental Science and Technology last year, Dr. Micklewright and his team examined how the color of the imagery participants viewed while cycling would affect their mood and perceived feelings of exertion.

WSJ: Hard-Wired to Hate Exercise?