By the 17th century, the rulers of Europe had started using fireworks as a way of marking royal occasions.

到了17世纪，欧洲的统治者们开始用烟花来纪念皇室的重要时刻。

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This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe during most of the 17th century.

这一事实体现了在17世纪的大部分时间里风靡欧洲的新思维方式。

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In those forests of China we have surviving species like gingko, the maidenhair tree which has been in cultivation in Europe and North America since the 17th century.

在中国的森林里我们可以找到银杏和孔雀草，它们从17世纪开始就在欧洲和北美被种植。

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It was first recorded as a food plant in France in 1623, and was commonly cultivated in most of Europe by the end of the 17th century.

NPR: The Vegetable World's Ugly Duckling: Celeriac

James was one of the greatest advocates of ecumenism in 17th-century Europe.

ECONOMIST: Letters