The writ system stipulated the form of action, which formed the principle of procedures preceding right in the common law.

令状对诉讼形式的规定使普通法形成了程序先于权利原则，并使英国法在司法审判中通过判例得以积累。

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Presently, the attorney's investigation writ system, which being tried out by courts at all levels, lacks an adequate legal basis, and is in an awkward position where each does what he believes right.

因现行法律限制，律师调查权受到极大制约，妨碍司法正义和当事人合法权益的实现，各地法院试行的“律师调查令制度”均缺乏法律依据，处于实践先行的尴尬境地。

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This system combines results of day-to-day class work and final test scores, minimizing the drawbacks in traditional closed, standardized writ…

它把平时成绩和期末考核成绩有机结合起来，既克服了传统标准化考试即闭卷笔试的弊端，又弥补了开卷考试的不足。

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In the federal system, severe restrictions have been imposed on the ancient writ of habeas corpus, a common law doctrine predating the U.S. Constitution by several centuries, which allows the wrongly convicted to attack their trials and verdicts.

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