Since then, huge losses on the Japanese stock market have eaten into Banks' capital and the surging yen is battering corporate profits.

但从那时开始，日本股市的暴跌已经在侵蚀银行的资本金了，而急升的日元也在吞噬企业的利润。

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'They had previously assumed Japanese Banks were relatively safe and didn't have the immediate need to raise capital.

他们之前一直认为，日本银行业相对安全，没有立刻筹集资本的必要。

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Mr Uchida notes that under Basel 2 bank-capital rules there are so-called "outlier criteria" for banks with a heavy exposure to interest-rate risk, such as the Japanese banks.

内田和人强调，新巴塞尔协议中，对于一些面临巨大利率风险的银行，像是日本的银行，有一些所谓的“异量标准”。

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The first is raising capital from foreign investors for cash-strapped Japanese firms. (For example, Japanese banks have issued lots of securities to bolster their depleted capital.) The second is the trickle of privatisations and new issues.

ECONOMIST: Japanese finance: Rich pickings for the gaijin | The

With capital insufficient to support their assets, Japanese banks have almost stopped lending at home.

FORBES: "To fix Asia, fix Japan first"

The traditional shipping financiers are therefore pulling in their horns especially Japanese banks, which are also struggling to meet international capital-adequacy requirements.

ECONOMIST: Shipping