Under what conditions has nationalism been a force in state-building or in state collapse?

在怎样的情况下，民族主义是构建国家或国家崩塌的一股力量？

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Whichever way state collapse is assessed, it will always be an imperfect measure of priorities for policymakers.

无论用哪种标准将一个国家定为“崩溃”，对政策制订者来说都不是完美的方法。

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Zimbabwe declared a state of emergency today as a cholera epidemic, caused by the collapse of sewerage and water supply systems, spread throughout the country.

津巴布韦因霍乱今天宣布进入紧急状态，原因是遍布全国的供水系统和污水处理系统坍塌。

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Sending Western troops into Syria too soon could create a power vacuum and a "sudden, uncontrolled state collapse", a retired British general has warned.

BBC: Professor Sir Paul Newton

In sub-Saharan Africa, where much of the population lives on the edge of subsistence, poverty and slow economic growth, or outright decline, increased the likelihood of future state collapse, thereby trapping the countries in a vicious circle of poverty and political instability.

ECONOMIST: By invitation

The East German state feared collapse if it could not hold its most productive citizens.

FORBES: A Development In Berlin Threatens The Wall That Once Divided A Continent