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These--Again, the chemicals could excite the other neuron bring up the chances it will fire, or inhibit the other neuron .
再强调一遍,这些化学物质可使另一个神经元变得兴奋,提高该神经元产生神经冲动的可能性,也可抑制另一个神经的兴奋性
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We receive the electric signals from each tip, we tell which neuron is listening to, we get that color piece.
我们从每个电极端接收到电子信号，我们说明去听哪个神经元，这样就得到了一张彩色图片。
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Finally, remember myelination, where you sort of get this fatty sheath over your neuron to make it more effective?
最后,回想一下髓鞘的形成,你会在哪里长出脂肪鞘,去包裹神经元,使得神经元更有效率
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It doesn't represent any particular neuron in the body, but just meant to represent functions that all of them have.
它不代表体内任何特定的神经元,只是用来表现神经元共有的一些功能
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Only cells in your brain make the enzymes that produce certain neuron transmitters that are responsible for brain function.
只有脑细胞产生,促进神经传导的相关酶,由此维持大脑功能
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So, one of the discoveries of psychology is that the basic unit of the brain appears to be the neuron.
心理学的发现之一,就是,神经元是大脑的基本单元
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This is a picture of a neuron, this particular neuron has been filled with a fluorescent dye so that it's colored green.
这是一幅神经元的图片,这个特定的神经元,已经被荧光染料染成了绿色
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That will produce a response pattern like this, so each square corresponses how any one neuron response.
然后就形成了这样的反应模式，因此每个方格就体现了每个神经元的反应。
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On the other side of this diagram I show a picture of a neuron.
图表另一边,向你们展示了神经元图片
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This infinitesimal gap-- and this gap is known as a synapse-- and what happens is when a neuron fires, an axon sends chemicals shooting through the gap.
这个极小的缝隙,这个缝隙就叫做突触,当神经元产生神经冲动后,轴突会释放出能够穿透缝隙的化学物质
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There are a lot of them about one thousand billion of them and each neuron can be connected to around thousands, perhaps tens of thousands, other neurons.
他们大量存在,大约有上千亿,每个神经元都和其周围上千个,甚至上万个神经元相连接
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What we will have come to us, is a corresponding response from every neuron, for example in the upper left, you would see a green little hole.
我们看到的是，每个神经元都作出反应，比如在左上方，大家能够看到一个绿色的小洞。
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Or in some cases they go to the dendrite of the neuron and they kind of put a paste over it so that the neurotransmitters can't connect.
有时这些药物会渗透到神经元的树突,这些药物就像是在树突上涂了一层涂料,使得神经递质无法将树突与轴突相连
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And then if you get a certain number, plus 60 or something, the neuron will fire and it fires along the axon, the thing to the right.
如果达到了一定的数量,比如超过60之类的,神经元便会产生神经冲动,神经冲动沿轴突传递,右边的是轴突
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And this makes the point that one neuron shown here is very important.
因此我们可以得出，这里看到的一个神经元非常重要。
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One interesting thing about neurons is a neuron is like a gun.
神经元有趣的一点在于,神经元就像把枪一样
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This is just an example of what a neuron might look like.
这只是神经元形象的一个例子
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Instead, what we see is a different pattern from every neuron.
相反，我们看到的每个神经元的样式不尽相同。
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The neuron is a specific sort of cell and the neuron has three major parts, as you could see illustrated here .
神经元是一种特殊的细胞,正如你们所见,神经元有三个主要部分
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Between any neurons, between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another, there's a tiny gap.
在神经元之间,在一个神经元的轴突,和另一个神经元的树突之间,有一个细小的缝隙
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Let me play for you, what this neuron recording sounds like.
我来给大家播放一下这种神经元的录音。
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Now, these signals can be either excitatory, which is that they raise the likelihood the neuron will fire, or inhibitory in that they lower the likelihood that the neuron will fire.
这些刺激信号可能是兴奋性的,会增加神经元产生神经冲动可能性,也可能是抑制性的,会降低神经元产生神经冲动的可能性
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One could easily, for example, differentiate between a red cell and a neuron, but a skilled biologist who's looked at many, many different cells could differentiate between different types of neurons.
普通人可以很轻易的,分辨出神经元和红细胞,然而一个训练有素的生物学家,辨识过许多不同细胞之后,能够分辨出不同种类的神经元
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We will forego the brief neuron surgery. Ok?
大家一起来经历一个小小的神经手术，好吧？
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And this is exactly what the neuron will do all over before going into recepting into a tumor, for example if you have under your brain to know what the different regions of the brains do.
这就是在阻截肿瘤的时候,做神经手术要做的，比如你明白了大脑,不同区域都做些什么。
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Maybe by the different branching patterns that these processes had, or how many processes were on a different kind of neuron, you'd be able to tell something about its function and probably something about where it came from.
通过辨识分化过程中的,不同突起的分支模式,或是不同神经元各异的突起数目,也许你也能分辨出这一细胞的功能,或许还有它的由来
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Well, one reason to do this is because on each post-synaptic neuron there might be many axons coming together at once, and each one might be generating a different kind of signal, through maybe even different neurotransmitters.
嗯 一个原因是在每个,突触后神经元上可能有,许多同时到达的轴突,每个都可能通过不同的神经递质,产生不同的信号
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One is that there's a physical space in between the two cells, so the axon of what's called the pre-synaptic neuron, or the neuron that's bringing a signal into the synapse, the axon terminal is physically separated from the dendrite of the next cell.
一是两个细胞间有一定的物理空间,所谓的突触前神经元,也就是将信号传递到突触的神经元的,轴突的末梢,同下一个细胞的树突间被物理性分离开
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