The shape of carbide formed with in grain depended on holding temperature.

晶内析出的碳化物形态与转变温度有关。

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In this study, the effects of plasticdeformation of the austenite phase and the holding temperature on thetransformation kinetics and the ferrite grain size are investigated.

研究了奥氏体相塑性变形和保温温度对相变动力学以及铁素体晶粒尺寸的影响。

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The results show that, with the increase of holding temperature, the amount of bainite and retained austenite, the carbon concentration in retained austenite first increases and then decreases.

结果表明，随等温温度的升高，贝氏体、残余奥氏体的量以及残余奥氏体中碳浓度先增加后减少。

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Then we can take the derivative of that quantity, when we vary the temperature, holding the volume constant.

即恒定体积，改变温度，这里恒定温度下。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

But Met Office critics went a step further: if it has under-estimated the natural forces holding back temperature increases, maybe the Earth is more resilient in the longer term to greenhouse gases than previously thought?

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By holding the rice at a low temperature for an extended period of time before cooking it the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) increases.

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